



Once hailed as a gateway to the Himalayas, the China-financed Pokhara International Airport now faces unexpected challenges as it struggles to find regular international flights. The same is true for the ADB-financed Gautam Buddha International Airport in Bhairahawa.
Nepal is rich in hydropower potential yet remains energy-poor, struggling with underinvestment, governance bottlenecks, and regional market constraints. Despite surplus electricity at times, unreliable access, weak transmission, and limited domestic uptake continue to hold back economic transformation.
Roads are essential for development. But the haphazard construction of roads across Nepal is now a threat to its pristine landscapes and vital ecosystems.
Urban Nepal is a reality—yet service delivery, planning, and resilience lag far behind the pace of change. Closing this gap is central to managing inequality, governance strain, and climate risk in the country’s cities.

PODS by PEI is a podcast initiative of Policy Entrepreneurs Inc., a policy research center based in Kathmandu, that examines the state of Nepali politics, economy, and development and seeks to inform and enrich Nepal’s policy discourse. Every week, PODS by PEI brings to you thoughtful and in-depth discussions that will take you deep into the most pertinent issues in Nepal.
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As researchers, we strive to articulate our ideas and contribute to the public discourse on policy issues vital to everyday life in Nepal. We utilize the Substack platform to organize and document our writings. Please visit our Substack page to read our work and subscribe to receive updates directly in your inbox.